Northern Ireland
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The votes  
Implementation

Endgame

Background

First hungerstrike

Second hungerstrike

Other Participants in hungerstrike

 

 
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Other participants in the hunger strike

Although ten men died during the course of the hunger strike, thirteen other men began refusing food but were taken off it, either due to medical reasons or after intervention by their families deciding that their relative's death would be futile. Many of them still suffer from the effects of the strike with problems including digestive, visual, physical and neurological disabilities.[22][23]

 

Paramilitary
affiliation

Strike ended
(1981)

Length of strike

Reason for ending strike

Brendan McLaughlin

IRA

26 May

13 days

Suffering from a perforated ulcer and internal bleeding

Paddy Quinn

IRA

31 July

47 days

Taken off by his family

Patrick McGeow

IRA

20 August

42 days

Taken off by his family

Matt Devlin

IRA

4 September

52 days

Taken off by his family

Laurence McKeown

IRA

6 September

70 days

Taken off by his family

Bernard Fox

IRA

24 September

32 days

His medical condition deteriorated

Liam McCloskey

INLA

26 September

55 days

It became clear that his family would intervene to save his life if he
became unconscious

Hugh Carville

IRA

3 October

34 days

End of hunger strike

James Devine

IRA

3 October

13 days

End of hunger strike

Gerard Hodgkins

IRA

3 October

20 days

End of hunger strike

Jackie McMullan

IRA

3 October

48 days

End of hunger strike

John Pickering

IRA

3 October

27 days

End of hunger strike

Patrick Sheehan

IRA

3 October

55 days

End of hunger strike

Consequences

The Hunger Strike heralded an upsurge of violence after the comparatively quiet years of the late 1970s, with widespread civil disorder in Northern Ireland and serious unrest in the Republic of Ireland, including rioting outside the British Embassy in Dublin.[13] There was extensive international condemnation of the British government's handling of the hunger strikes.[24] It resulted in a new surge of IRA activity, with the group obtaining many more members. It prompted the republican movement to move towards electoral politics Sands' success combined with that of pro-Hunger Strike candidates in the Northern Ireland local elections and Dil elections in the Republic of Ireland gave birth to the armalite and ballot box strategy. Sinn Fin gained 5 seats out of 78 in the 1982 elections to the Northern Ireland Assembly and a seat in the 1983 UK general election.[25] Three years later the IRA tried to take revenge on Margaret Thatcher for her role in the hunger strike with the Brighton hotel bombing, an attack on the Conservative party conference which killed five people.[24]

Commemorations

Further information: Bobby Sands

The people of Hartford, Connecticut, in the United States dedicated a monument to Bobby Sands and the other hunger strikers in 1997.[26] The monument stands in a traffic circle known as "Bobby Sands Circle", at the bottom of Maple Avenue near Goodwin Park.[27]

A street in Paris was named after Bobby Sands, and the Iranian government also named a street running alongside the British embassy in Tehran after Bobby Sands, which was formerly called Winston Churchill Street.[24][28]

The events of the strike are the basis for the 1996 film Some Mother's Son.

In 2006, a diverse group of Irish Republicans in Chicago, IL came together to commemorate the 25th anniversary of the Hunger Strike under the banner "Chicago Hunger Strike Commemoration Committee."

 
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